Spondylolisthesis

Forward slip of one vertebral body relative to the vertebral body at the next caudal level

• most common in the lumbosacral area
• presents with back pain, difficulty with forward bending, and increasing difficulty with running. Pain may radiate to buttocks and posterior thighs
• PE significant for limited/painful forward flexion and hamstring tightness
• diagnose with lateral of LS spine
• Treatment is conservative for slips less than 50%, and surgical fusion for slips greater than 50%

Also see Spondylolysis.